About Baghdad
The historic capital of the Abbasid Caliphate, a center of Islamic civilization, scholarship, and culture for over a millennium.
Did You Know?
Baghdad was founded in 762 CE by Caliph Al-Mansur and became the world’s largest city, home to the famous House of Wisdom, a center of learning during the Islamic Golden Age.
About Baghdad – The City of Peace
Baghdad, the capital of Iraq, is one of the most historically significant cities in the world. Founded in 762 CE on the banks of the Tigris River, it served as the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate and became the intellectual and cultural heart of the Islamic world for centuries.
Known as “Madinat al-Salam” (City of Peace), Baghdad was home to scholars, scientists, and theologians who shaped Islamic civilization. Today, it remains a vital center for pilgrims, history enthusiasts, and travelers seeking to explore the rich heritage of the Islamic Golden Age.
For pilgrims, Baghdad serves as a gateway to the holy cities of Karbala, Najaf, and Kadhimayn, making it an essential stop on any Ziyarat journey.
History of Baghdad
From its foundation to modern times, Baghdad’s story is one of triumph, tragedy, and resilience.
Foundation & The Abbasid Caliphate
Baghdad was founded in 762 CE by the second Abbasid caliph, Abu Ja’far al-Mansur. The city was meticulously designed as a circular “Round City” with the Caliph’s palace and the Grand Mosque at its center. It quickly became the political, economic, and cultural capital of the Islamic world, replacing Damascus as the seat of the Caliphate.
Under the Abbasids, Baghdad flourished as a hub of trade, science, and philosophy. The city attracted scholars from across the known world, including Persia, India, Greece, and Egypt.
The Islamic Golden Age & The House of Wisdom
The House of Wisdom (Bayt al-Hikma) was established in Baghdad during the reign of Caliph Harun al-Rashid and expanded under his son al-Ma’mun. It became the most prestigious library and translation center in the world, preserving and advancing knowledge in astronomy, mathematics, medicine, philosophy, and literature.
Baghdad’s Golden Age produced some of history’s greatest minds, including Al-Khwarizmi (father of algebra), Ibn Sina (Avicenna), Al-Farabi, and Al-Biruni.
Timeline of Baghdad
Islamic Importance of Baghdad
Baghdad’s role in Islamic civilization is unmatched, serving as the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate and a center of Islamic scholarship for centuries.
Abbasid Caliphate
Baghdad was the seat of the Abbasid Caliphate, the most powerful Islamic empire of its time.
Center of Islamic Scholarship
Home to the House of Wisdom and countless madrasas that shaped Islamic thought.
Great Mosques
Baghdad is home to historic mosques, including the Abu Hanifa Mosque and the Abdul Qadir Gilani Shrine.
Islamic Institutions
Institutions like Al-Mustansiriya School advanced Islamic law and education.
Influence on Islamic Civilization
Baghdad’s scholars influenced Islamic theology, law, science, and philosophy worldwide.
Preservation of Knowledge
Baghdad’s libraries preserved Greek, Persian, and Indian knowledge for future generations.
Ziyarat Places Around Baghdad
Discover the sacred sites and Islamic landmarks in and around Baghdad.
Shrine of Imam Abu Hanifa
The resting place of Imam Abu Hanifa (699–767 CE), the founder of the Hanafi school of Islamic jurisprudence.
Learn MoreShrine of Sheikh Abdul Qadir Gilani
The shrine of Sheikh Abdul Qadir Gilani (1077–1166 CE), a renowned Sufi scholar and founder of the Qadiri order.
Learn MoreSalman Al-Farsi Mosque (Al-Mada’in)
The historic mosque near the ruins of Ctesiphon, associated with Salman the Persian, a companion of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).
Learn MoreKadhimayn
The holy city of Kadhimayn, home to the shrines of Imam Musa al-Kadhim (AS) and Imam Muhammad al-Jawad (AS). Just northwest of Baghdad.
Visit KadhimaynHistoric Mosques of Baghdad
Explore the Al-Kadhimiya Mosque, Al-Mustansiriya Mosque, and other historic Islamic landmarks.
Learn MoreAl-Mustansiriya School
One of the oldest Islamic universities, founded in 1227 CE, renowned for its teaching of Islamic law and sciences.
Learn MoreFamous Landmarks of Baghdad
Explore the iconic sites that tell the story of Baghdad’s rich history.
Al-Mustansiriya School
A historic Islamic university built in 1227 CE, showcasing stunning Abbasid architecture.
House of Wisdom (Historical)
The legendary center of translation and scholarship during the Islamic Golden Age.
Al-Shaheed Monument
A modern monument commemorating Iraqi martyrs, with a striking architectural design.
Baghdad Tower
A 205-meter tall tower offering panoramic views of the city.
National Museum of Iraq
Home to one of the world’s largest collections of Mesopotamian artifacts.
Tigris River Corniche
Scenic riverside walkway with views of the Tigris River and the city.
Baghdad Gallery
Experience the beauty of Baghdad through our curated gallery.
Baghdad Interactive Map
Plan your journey with this interactive map of Baghdad and surrounding holy cities.
Baghdad International Airport | To Kadhimayn: ~10 km | To Karbala: ~100 km | To Najaf: ~160 km | To Samarra: ~125 km
Travel Guide to Baghdad
Essential information for visiting Baghdad.
Best Time to Visit
October to April (cooler months). Avoid July-August heat.
Weather
Hot summers (45°C+) and mild winters (10-20°C).
Currency
Iraqi Dinar (IQD). US dollars accepted in some places.
Language
Arabic (official), Kurdish, and English in tourist areas.
Transportation
Taxis, ride-hailing apps, and buses available.
Hotels
Range from budget to luxury hotels in central Baghdad.
Local Food
Try masgouf (grilled fish), kebab, dolma, and baklava.
Safety Tips
Follow local advice, avoid sensitive areas, and stay updated on travel advisories.
Cultural Etiquette
Dress modestly, respect religious sites, and greet with “As-salamu alaykum.”
Continue Your Iraq Ziyarat Journey
Explore the other holy cities of Iraq. Each destination offers unique spiritual and historical experiences.
Kadhimayn
Shrines of Imam Musa al-Kadhim (AS) and Imam Muhammad al-Jawad (AS).
Visit KadhimaynSamarra
Home to the Al-Askari Shrine and the historic Great Mosque.
Visit Samarra